History of sports medicine - 1913
1913
A dynamometer by French physician Jules Chéron (1870-1952), manufactured by the company of instrument builder Charles Verdin (1873-1905) from Paris. The device was made of galvanized, unworked blued steel and brass. By squeezing the palm, the needle moved and the applied force could be read on the copper bowl. At the top of the scale was a reset button that brought the device back to the zero position.
1913
On June 7, 1913, the first patent for a training treadmill was registered in the United States.
1913
Automatically controlled bicycle ergometer from 1913, designed by the Danish Professor of Physiology August Krogh (1874-1949), who received the Nobel Prize in Medicine seven years later
1913
In Berlin the term 'Sports physician' was officially introduced.
1913
In 1916 the Sixth Olympics would take place in Berlin. In the run-up, Emperor Wilhelm II (1859-1941) opened the Deutsche Stadion in Berlin-Grünewald on 13 June 1913 and a sports medicine research and guidance center was also put into use, of which Arthur Mallwitz (1880-1968) was appointed as the first sports physician.
1913
In New Zealand, the School of Physiotherapy of the University of Otago started with a training in physiotherapy.
1913
German Professor of Medicine and Physiology Otto Meyerhof (1884-1951) discovered the fixed relationship between muscular oxygen uptake and lactic acid metabolism. He showed that the consumption of a molecule of oxygen prevents the formation of two lactate molecules. Meyerhof's findings supported the assumption that lactate enzymes also function aerobically, but that the lactate formed is re-synthesized in carbohydrates at the expense of the energy delivered by the respiration. Because of Nazism, Meyerhof fled to Paris in 1938 and two years later he emigrated to the United States where he was appointed Professor at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia.
1913
Navy officer and gymnast teacher Georges Hebert (1875-1957) played a prominent role in France in the rise of physical education. After studying the principles of his predecessors, he started his own 'natural method', entirely based on natural movements such as walking, running, balancing, jumping, crawling, climbing and manipulative skills such as lifting, throwing and self-defense. Hebert was responsible for the physical training of the sailors of the French navy and in 1913 opened the largest and most modern indoor/outdoor training center in Reims. In 1912 he published a first book L'Education Physique ou l'Entrainement Complet par la Methode Naturelle (Physical Education or total training by the natural method), followed by many other works on the same subject.
- L'élevage humain, Paris, 1917 ;
- Les confidences d'un tréponème pâle, 1918 ;
- Préceptes et maximes d'éducation physique, 1920 ;
- Manuel scientifique d'éducation physique, 1923 ;
- L'éducation physique féminine Félix Alcan 1925 ;
- Influence de l'exercice sur le métabolisme. Méthode générale de représentation graphique des échanges respiratoires, 1926 ;
- Sueur et nutrition, 1930 ;
- La cure d'exercice aux différents âges de la vie et pour les deux sexes, 1934 ;
- Cancer et exercice, 1935 ;
- Exercice et cholestérine, 1935 ;
- Lésions et traumatismes sportifs (à l'usage des médecins, des entraîneurs, des secouristes, des professeurs d'éducation physique et des sportifs), 1938 ;
- Hydrothérapie et massage, 1941 ;
- L'Entraînement, bases physiologiques, technique, résultats, 1942 ;
- Manuel de massage, 1950.
1913
Under the name Zone Therapy, NTE doctor William H. Fitzgerald (1872-1942) and his associate Edwin Bowerd introduced reflexology in the United States in 1913.
1913
The German company Maspo launched an electric massage device packed in a metal case.
